Accounting Interview Questions and Answers

41 :: Is there a difference between accounting for conversion of bonds and accounting for the conversion of preferred stock?

Bonds have discounts and premiums and accrued interest. Preferred Stock does not.

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42 :: Is push down accounting accepted under generally accepted accounting standards?

Yes, in some cases. For example: The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (the "FFIEC") approved a reporting requirement, effective October 1, 1989, to use push down accounting in certain acquisitions of national banks, state member banks and insured state nonmember banks. This reporting requirement is an addition to the Glossary to the Instructions to the Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income ("Call Report").

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43 :: Key Difference between Indian accounting standards and international accounting standards is..

In international accounting LIFO and extraordinary items are prohibited

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44 :: What are the items that are to be debited in accounting and what are the items that are to be credited in accounting?

This depends on the nature of the account and the thing you wish to achieve. For example, to increase cash you would debit the cash account, but if you wanted to decrease it, you would credit it. There are all sorts of accounts and they have different normal balances.

The thing to remember is that every journal entry must have equal debits and credits. So for example to increase a contra asset account like Allowance for Doubtful debts you would credit Bad Debt Expense to increase it and credit Allowance to increase that!

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45 :: Is an "account receivable" and "goodwill" real accounts in accounting?

Real accounts, i.e. Balance Sheet accounts are ongoing perpetual records and represent "real" items; cash, receivables, inventories, accounts payable, invested capital, etc., etc. Accounts receivable and goodwill therefore are both real accounts as they have value in and of themselves.

Nominal accounts represent items of income and expense. Nominal accounts have no balances at the beginning of an accounting period and change as various debits and credits are applied because of activity of income and expense throughout the accounting period. At the end of the accounting cycle, the nominal accounts are returned to zero by debiting them by an amount equal to their credit balance if such exists, or crediting an account if it has a debit balance. The offsetting entry of each of these is to a Profit or Loss Account. If after all accounts are zero, the P&L account has a debit balance then operations were profitable (income exceeded expenses), and conversely with a credit balance a loss was incurred. The P&L is then "closed" by either debited or crediting to bring it to zero, whichever is appropriate, with the offsetting entry going to "Retained Earnings", a real account, and bringing the Balance Sheet into balance and leaving all nominal accounts at zero.

To put it another way if all debits and credits of the General Ledger are added up, then they will both be equal. However, if only the debits and credits of the nominal accounts are added up there will be a difference and that di

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