Chemical Engineering Question:

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Seider and Tate recommended the following for determine friction factors inside heat exchanger tubes with varying temperatures: First, determine the average, bulk mean temperature in the processing line. For example if the fluid enters the line at 300 °C and leaves at 280 °C, use 290 °C to determine the physical properties and friction factors. As for corrections: Laminar Flow If the liquid is cooling, the friction factor obtained from the mean temperature and bulk properties is divided by (bulk viscosity/wall viscosity)0.23 and for heating, it's divided by (bulk viscosity/wall viscosity)0.38. Here, the bulk and wall viscosity are determined at the mean temperature over the length of the line. Turbulent Flow If the liquid is cooling, the friction factor obtained from the mean temperature and bulk properties is divided by (bulk viscosity/wall viscosity)0.11 and for heating, it's divided by (bulk viscosity/wall viscosity)0.17.